We mark the 15th of Shevat by eating fruit, particularly from the kinds that are singled out by the Torah in its praise of the bounty of the Holy Land: grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives and dates. On this day we remember that “man is a tree of the field”
It takes approximately four months for the rains of the new year to saturate the soil and trees, and produce fruit
According to Biblical law, there is a seven year agricultural cycle, concluding with the Sabbatical year. When the Holy Temple stood in Jerusalem,
on years one, two, four and five of this cycle, farmers were required
to separate a tenth of their produce and eat it in Jerusalem. This tithe
is called Maaser Sheni,
the Second Tithe, because it is in addition to the (two percent which
must be given to the Kohain, and the) ten percent which is given to the Levite.
On the third and sixth years of the cycle, instead of the owners eating
the Maaser Sheni in Jerusalem, they gave this second tithe to the poor,
who were permitted to consume it wherever they wished.
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